{"summary":{"countries":150,"byStatus":{"open":{"countries":22,"populationM":2613.5},"partial":{"countries":90,"populationM":2637.7},"restricted":{"countries":21,"populationM":2509.2},"unassessed":{"countries":17,"populationM":216.9}},"pctOpen":31.871951219512194,"pctOpenOrPartial":64.03902439024391,"venuesTracked":23,"venuesListingZec":17,"lastReviewed":"2026-08-30","reviewAgeDays":13},"venues":[{"name":"Coinbase","listsZec":true,"home":"US"},{"name":"Kraken","listsZec":true,"home":"US"},{"name":"Binance","listsZec":true,"home":"offshore"},{"name":"Gemini","listsZec":true,"home":"US"},{"name":"Bitstamp","listsZec":false,"home":"LU"},{"name":"OKX","listsZec":true,"home":"offshore"},{"name":"Bybit","listsZec":true,"home":"offshore"},{"name":"KuCoin","listsZec":true,"home":"offshore"},{"name":"Gate","listsZec":true,"home":"offshore"},{"name":"HTX","listsZec":true,"home":"offshore"},{"name":"Bitfinex","listsZec":true,"home":"offshore"},{"name":"Bitso","listsZec":false,"home":"MX"},{"name":"Mercado Bitcoin","listsZec":false,"home":"BR"},{"name":"Luno","listsZec":false,"home":"ZA"},{"name":"VALR","listsZec":true,"home":"ZA"},{"name":"CoinSpot","listsZec":true,"home":"AU"},{"name":"Independent Reserve","listsZec":false,"home":"AU"},{"name":"Bitvavo","listsZec":true,"home":"NL"},{"name":"WazirX","listsZec":true,"home":"IN"},{"name":"CoinDCX","listsZec":true,"home":"IN"},{"name":"Upbit","listsZec":false,"home":"KR"},{"name":"Toobit","listsZec":true,"home":"offshore"},{"name":"MEXC","listsZec":true,"home":"offshore"}],"countries":[{"name":"United States","iso2":"US","iso3":"USA","population":341,"utcOffset":-6,"status":"open","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Gemini","Bitstamp"],"note":"Listed on the largest domestic venues. Some state-level licensing means a few venues geofence individual states."},{"name":"Canada","iso2":"CA","iso3":"CAN","population":40,"utcOffset":-5,"status":"open","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Gemini","Bitstamp"],"note":"Registered platforms list ZEC; withdrawals to shielded addresses vary by venue."},{"name":"Mexico","iso2":"MX","iso3":"MEX","population":130,"utcOffset":-6,"status":"open","venues":["Bitso","Binance","Coinbase","OKX","Bybit"],"note":"At least one venue serving residents lists ZEC with fiat on- and off-ramps."},{"name":"Brazil","iso2":"BR","iso3":"BRA","population":216,"utcOffset":-3,"status":"open","venues":["Mercado Bitcoin","Binance","Coinbase","Bitso","OKX","Bybit"],"note":"A large domestic venue plus most global exchanges serve residents; the central bank's licensing regime is in force."},{"name":"Argentina","iso2":"AR","iso3":"ARG","population":46,"utcOffset":-3,"status":"open","venues":["Bitso","Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Crypto is widely used against inflation; ZEC is available on regional and global venues."},{"name":"Colombia","iso2":"CO","iso3":"COL","population":52,"utcOffset":-5,"status":"open","venues":["Bitso","Binance","OKX","Bybit"],"note":"At least one venue serving residents lists ZEC with fiat on- and off-ramps."},{"name":"Chile","iso2":"CL","iso3":"CHL","population":20,"utcOffset":-4,"status":"open","venues":["Binance","Kraken","OKX","Bybit"],"note":"At least one venue serving residents lists ZEC with fiat on- and off-ramps."},{"name":"Peru","iso2":"PE","iso3":"PER","population":34,"utcOffset":-5,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Venezuela","iso2":"VE","iso3":"VEN","population":29,"utcOffset":-4,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit"],"note":"Banks are cautious about crypto transfers, so fiat on-ramps are thin; offshore and peer-to-peer routes carry most access."},{"name":"Ecuador","iso2":"EC","iso3":"ECU","population":18,"utcOffset":-5,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Bolivia","iso2":"BO","iso3":"BOL","population":12,"utcOffset":-4,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit"],"note":"The 2024 lifting of the bank ban opened access; no domestic venue lists ZEC yet."},{"name":"Paraguay","iso2":"PY","iso3":"PRY","population":7,"utcOffset":-4,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Uruguay","iso2":"UY","iso3":"URY","population":3.4,"utcOffset":-3,"status":"open","venues":["Binance","Kraken","Bitso","OKX"],"note":"At least one venue serving residents lists ZEC with fiat on- and off-ramps."},{"name":"Guatemala","iso2":"GT","iso3":"GTM","population":18,"utcOffset":-6,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Honduras","iso2":"HN","iso3":"HND","population":10.6,"utcOffset":-6,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"El Salvador","iso2":"SV","iso3":"SLV","population":6.4,"utcOffset":-6,"status":"open","venues":["Binance","Coinbase","OKX","Bybit"],"note":"Digital-asset licensing is in place; global venues serve residents."},{"name":"Nicaragua","iso2":"NI","iso3":"NIC","population":7,"utcOffset":-6,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Costa Rica","iso2":"CR","iso3":"CRI","population":5.2,"utcOffset":-6,"status":"open","venues":["Binance","Kraken","Coinbase","OKX"],"note":"At least one venue serving residents lists ZEC with fiat on- and off-ramps."},{"name":"Panama","iso2":"PA","iso3":"PAN","population":4.5,"utcOffset":-5,"status":"open","venues":["Binance","Kraken","Coinbase","OKX"],"note":"At least one venue serving residents lists ZEC with fiat on- and off-ramps."},{"name":"Cuba","iso2":"CU","iso3":"CUB","population":11,"utcOffset":-5,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance"],"note":"Sanctions and a thin banking link keep access informal."},{"name":"Dominican Republic","iso2":"DO","iso3":"DOM","population":11.3,"utcOffset":-4,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Haiti","iso2":"HT","iso3":"HTI","population":11.7,"utcOffset":-5,"status":"unassessed","venues":[],"note":"Not yet reviewed."},{"name":"Jamaica","iso2":"JM","iso3":"JAM","population":2.8,"utcOffset":-5,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Trinidad and Tobago","iso2":"TT","iso3":"TTO","population":1.5,"utcOffset":-4,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Germany","iso2":"DE","iso3":"DEU","population":84,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"France","iso2":"FR","iso3":"FRA","population":68,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"Italy","iso2":"IT","iso3":"ITA","population":59,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"Spain","iso2":"ES","iso3":"ESP","population":48,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"Poland","iso2":"PL","iso3":"POL","population":37,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"Netherlands","iso2":"NL","iso3":"NLD","population":18,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Bitvavo","Coinbase","Kraken","Bitstamp","OKX"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"Belgium","iso2":"BE","iso3":"BEL","population":11.8,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"Sweden","iso2":"SE","iso3":"SWE","population":10.6,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"Austria","iso2":"AT","iso3":"AUT","population":9.1,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"Portugal","iso2":"PT","iso3":"PRT","population":10.5,"utcOffset":0,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"Greece","iso2":"GR","iso3":"GRC","population":10.4,"utcOffset":2,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"Czechia","iso2":"CZ","iso3":"CZE","population":10.9,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"Hungary","iso2":"HU","iso3":"HUN","population":9.6,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"Romania","iso2":"RO","iso3":"ROU","population":19,"utcOffset":2,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"Bulgaria","iso2":"BG","iso3":"BGR","population":6.5,"utcOffset":2,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"Denmark","iso2":"DK","iso3":"DNK","population":5.9,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"Finland","iso2":"FI","iso3":"FIN","population":5.6,"utcOffset":2,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"Ireland","iso2":"IE","iso3":"IRL","population":5.3,"utcOffset":0,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"Slovakia","iso2":"SK","iso3":"SVK","population":5.4,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"Croatia","iso2":"HR","iso3":"HRV","population":3.9,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"Lithuania","iso2":"LT","iso3":"LTU","population":2.9,"utcOffset":2,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"Slovenia","iso2":"SI","iso3":"SVN","population":2.1,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"Latvia","iso2":"LV","iso3":"LVA","population":1.9,"utcOffset":2,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"Estonia","iso2":"EE","iso3":"EST","population":1.4,"utcOffset":2,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"Cyprus","iso2":"CY","iso3":"CYP","population":1.3,"utcOffset":2,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"Luxembourg","iso2":"LU","iso3":"LUX","population":0.7,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Licensed venues list ZEC today. The EU anti-money-laundering package bars anonymity-enhancing coins from licensed venues from July 2027; we mark the bloc partial until the rule's scope is final."},{"name":"United Kingdom","iso2":"GB","iso3":"GBR","population":68,"utcOffset":0,"status":"open","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Gemini","Bitstamp","Luno","Bitfinex"],"note":"FCA-registered venues list ZEC. Marketing rules add friction for new users but do not touch listings."},{"name":"Switzerland","iso2":"CH","iso3":"CHE","population":9,"utcOffset":1,"status":"open","venues":["Kraken","Coinbase","Binance","Bitstamp","OKX"],"note":"Clear licensing and no privacy-coin rule; among the most open jurisdictions."},{"name":"Norway","iso2":"NO","iso3":"NOR","population":5.6,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance","Bitstamp","Bitvavo","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Follows EU market rules through the EEA; the same 2027 privacy-coin rule is expected to apply."},{"name":"Iceland","iso2":"IS","iso3":"ISL","population":0.4,"utcOffset":0,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance"],"note":"Follows EU market rules through the EEA; the same 2027 privacy-coin rule is expected to apply."},{"name":"Ukraine","iso2":"UA","iso3":"UKR","population":37,"utcOffset":2,"status":"open","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"A virtual-asset law is in force; global venues serve residents with local fiat rails."},{"name":"Türkiye","iso2":"TR","iso3":"TUR","population":86,"utcOffset":3,"status":"open","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate","HTX"],"note":"Licensed local arms of global venues list ZEC; crypto payments are banned but trading is not."},{"name":"Serbia","iso2":"RS","iso3":"SRB","population":6.6,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate","HTX","Bitfinex"],"note":"A digital-asset law exists; no domestic licensed venue lists ZEC."},{"name":"Bosnia and Herzegovina","iso2":"BA","iso3":"BIH","population":3.2,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Albania","iso2":"AL","iso3":"ALB","population":2.8,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"North Macedonia","iso2":"MK","iso3":"MKD","population":1.8,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Moldova","iso2":"MD","iso3":"MDA","population":2.5,"utcOffset":2,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Belarus","iso2":"BY","iso3":"BLR","population":9.1,"utcOffset":3,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit"],"note":"A permissive local regime, but sanctions limit which venues serve residents."},{"name":"Russia","iso2":"RU","iso3":"RUS","population":145,"utcOffset":3,"status":"partial","venues":["Bybit","OKX","KuCoin","HTX","Gate"],"note":"Global venues have withdrawn or restricted services; access is offshore and peer-to-peer."},{"name":"Georgia","iso2":"GE","iso3":"GEO","population":3.7,"utcOffset":4,"status":"open","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"A registered-provider regime; several global venues operate locally."},{"name":"Armenia","iso2":"AM","iso3":"ARM","population":3,"utcOffset":4,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Azerbaijan","iso2":"AZ","iso3":"AZE","population":10.2,"utcOffset":4,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"Banks are cautious about crypto transfers, so fiat on-ramps are thin; offshore and peer-to-peer routes carry most access."},{"name":"Israel","iso2":"IL","iso3":"ISR","population":9.8,"utcOffset":2,"status":"open","venues":["Binance","Kraken","OKX","Bybit"],"note":"Licensed local brokers and global venues serve residents; banks accept transfers from licensed venues."},{"name":"United Arab Emirates","iso2":"AE","iso3":"ARE","population":10,"utcOffset":4,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","Kraken"],"note":"Licensed venues operate under a rule that discourages anonymity-enhanced tokens; ZEC sits in a grey area."},{"name":"Saudi Arabia","iso2":"SA","iso3":"SAU","population":37,"utcOffset":3,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit"],"note":"Banks are cautious about crypto transfers, so fiat on-ramps are thin; offshore and peer-to-peer routes carry most access."},{"name":"Qatar","iso2":"QA","iso3":"QAT","population":2.9,"utcOffset":3,"status":"restricted","venues":[],"note":"Crypto trading is prohibited for residents; any access is informal."},{"name":"Kuwait","iso2":"KW","iso3":"KWT","population":4.4,"utcOffset":3,"status":"restricted","venues":[],"note":"Crypto trading is prohibited for residents; any access is informal."},{"name":"Bahrain","iso2":"BH","iso3":"BHR","population":1.6,"utcOffset":3,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX"],"note":"Licensed venues exist but do not list privacy coins; offshore venues remain reachable."},{"name":"Oman","iso2":"OM","iso3":"OMN","population":4.6,"utcOffset":4,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Jordan","iso2":"JO","iso3":"JOR","population":11.5,"utcOffset":3,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"Banks are cautious about crypto transfers, so fiat on-ramps are thin; offshore and peer-to-peer routes carry most access."},{"name":"Lebanon","iso2":"LB","iso3":"LBN","population":5.5,"utcOffset":2,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"Banks are cautious about crypto transfers, so fiat on-ramps are thin; offshore and peer-to-peer routes carry most access."},{"name":"Iraq","iso2":"IQ","iso3":"IRQ","population":45,"utcOffset":3,"status":"restricted","venues":[],"note":"Crypto trading is prohibited for residents; any access is informal."},{"name":"Iran","iso2":"IR","iso3":"IRN","population":89,"utcOffset":3.5,"status":"restricted","venues":[],"note":"Sanctions and domestic rules cut residents off from global venues; informal markets only."},{"name":"Syria","iso2":"SY","iso3":"SYR","population":23,"utcOffset":3,"status":"restricted","venues":[],"note":"Crypto trading is prohibited for residents; any access is informal."},{"name":"Yemen","iso2":"YE","iso3":"YEM","population":34,"utcOffset":3,"status":"unassessed","venues":[],"note":"Not yet reviewed."},{"name":"Egypt","iso2":"EG","iso3":"EGY","population":113,"utcOffset":2,"status":"restricted","venues":[],"note":"Crypto trading is prohibited by banking law and a religious ruling; access is informal."},{"name":"Algeria","iso2":"DZ","iso3":"DZA","population":46,"utcOffset":1,"status":"restricted","venues":[],"note":"Crypto trading is prohibited for residents; any access is informal."},{"name":"Morocco","iso2":"MA","iso3":"MAR","population":38,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"A long-standing ban is being replaced by a licensing framework; access is still offshore or peer-to-peer."},{"name":"Tunisia","iso2":"TN","iso3":"TUN","population":12.4,"utcOffset":1,"status":"restricted","venues":[],"note":"Crypto trading is prohibited for residents; any access is informal."},{"name":"Libya","iso2":"LY","iso3":"LBY","population":7,"utcOffset":2,"status":"restricted","venues":[],"note":"Crypto trading is prohibited for residents; any access is informal."},{"name":"Nigeria","iso2":"NG","iso3":"NGA","population":230,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Luno","Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"Bank restrictions were eased and a licensing regime is live, but most volume still moves peer-to-peer."},{"name":"South Africa","iso2":"ZA","iso3":"ZAF","population":62,"utcOffset":2,"status":"open","venues":["VALR","Luno","Binance","Kraken","OKX"],"note":"Licensed local venues list ZEC with rand on-ramps."},{"name":"Kenya","iso2":"KE","iso3":"KEN","population":56,"utcOffset":3,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Ghana","iso2":"GH","iso3":"GHA","population":34,"utcOffset":0,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Ethiopia","iso2":"ET","iso3":"ETH","population":128,"utcOffset":3,"status":"restricted","venues":[],"note":"Crypto trading is prohibited for residents; any access is informal."},{"name":"Tanzania","iso2":"TZ","iso3":"TZA","population":67,"utcOffset":3,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"Banks are cautious about crypto transfers, so fiat on-ramps are thin; offshore and peer-to-peer routes carry most access."},{"name":"Uganda","iso2":"UG","iso3":"UGA","population":49,"utcOffset":3,"status":"partial","venues":["Luno","Binance","OKX"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"DR Congo","iso2":"CD","iso3":"COD","population":105,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Republic of the Congo","iso2":"CG","iso3":"COG","population":6,"utcOffset":1,"status":"unassessed","venues":[],"note":"Not yet reviewed."},{"name":"Cameroon","iso2":"CM","iso3":"CMR","population":29,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"Banks are cautious about crypto transfers, so fiat on-ramps are thin; offshore and peer-to-peer routes carry most access."},{"name":"Ivory Coast","iso2":"CI","iso3":"CIV","population":29,"utcOffset":0,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Senegal","iso2":"SN","iso3":"SEN","population":18,"utcOffset":0,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Mali","iso2":"ML","iso3":"MLI","population":23,"utcOffset":0,"status":"unassessed","venues":[],"note":"Not yet reviewed."},{"name":"Niger","iso2":"NE","iso3":"NER","population":27,"utcOffset":1,"status":"unassessed","venues":[],"note":"Not yet reviewed."},{"name":"Chad","iso2":"TD","iso3":"TCD","population":18,"utcOffset":1,"status":"unassessed","venues":[],"note":"Not yet reviewed."},{"name":"Sudan","iso2":"SD","iso3":"SDN","population":48,"utcOffset":2,"status":"restricted","venues":[],"note":"Conflict and banking collapse; no working on-ramp."},{"name":"South Sudan","iso2":"SS","iso3":"SSD","population":11,"utcOffset":2,"status":"unassessed","venues":[],"note":"Not yet reviewed."},{"name":"Somalia","iso2":"SO","iso3":"SOM","population":18,"utcOffset":3,"status":"unassessed","venues":[],"note":"Not yet reviewed."},{"name":"Angola","iso2":"AO","iso3":"AGO","population":36,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"Banks are cautious about crypto transfers, so fiat on-ramps are thin; offshore and peer-to-peer routes carry most access."},{"name":"Mozambique","iso2":"MZ","iso3":"MOZ","population":33,"utcOffset":2,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Zambia","iso2":"ZM","iso3":"ZMB","population":20,"utcOffset":2,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Zimbabwe","iso2":"ZW","iso3":"ZWE","population":16,"utcOffset":2,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"Banks are cautious about crypto transfers, so fiat on-ramps are thin; offshore and peer-to-peer routes carry most access."},{"name":"Madagascar","iso2":"MG","iso3":"MDG","population":30,"utcOffset":3,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Malawi","iso2":"MW","iso3":"MWI","population":21,"utcOffset":2,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Rwanda","iso2":"RW","iso3":"RWA","population":14,"utcOffset":2,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Burkina Faso","iso2":"BF","iso3":"BFA","population":23,"utcOffset":0,"status":"unassessed","venues":[],"note":"Not yet reviewed."},{"name":"Guinea","iso2":"GN","iso3":"GIN","population":14,"utcOffset":0,"status":"unassessed","venues":[],"note":"Not yet reviewed."},{"name":"Benin","iso2":"BJ","iso3":"BEN","population":14,"utcOffset":1,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Togo","iso2":"TG","iso3":"TGO","population":9,"utcOffset":0,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Botswana","iso2":"BW","iso3":"BWA","population":2.7,"utcOffset":2,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Namibia","iso2":"NA","iso3":"NAM","population":2.6,"utcOffset":2,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Luno"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Mauritius","iso2":"MU","iso3":"MUS","population":1.3,"utcOffset":4,"status":"open","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit"],"note":"A virtual-asset licensing regime is live and global venues operate locally."},{"name":"India","iso2":"IN","iso3":"IND","population":1440,"utcOffset":5.5,"status":"open","venues":["CoinDCX","WazirX","Binance","Coinbase","OKX","Bybit"],"note":"Domestic venues list ZEC; a flat 30% gain tax and 1% withholding apply, but there is no listing restriction."},{"name":"Pakistan","iso2":"PK","iso3":"PAK","population":240,"utcOffset":5,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"A digital-asset authority was set up in 2025; until licensing lands, access is offshore or peer-to-peer."},{"name":"Bangladesh","iso2":"BD","iso3":"BGD","population":172,"utcOffset":6,"status":"restricted","venues":[],"note":"Crypto trading is prohibited for residents; any access is informal."},{"name":"Sri Lanka","iso2":"LK","iso3":"LKA","population":22,"utcOffset":5.5,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"Banks are cautious about crypto transfers, so fiat on-ramps are thin; offshore and peer-to-peer routes carry most access."},{"name":"Nepal","iso2":"NP","iso3":"NPL","population":31,"utcOffset":5.75,"status":"restricted","venues":[],"note":"Crypto trading is prohibited for residents; any access is informal."},{"name":"Bhutan","iso2":"BT","iso3":"BTN","population":0.8,"utcOffset":6,"status":"unassessed","venues":[],"note":"Not yet reviewed."},{"name":"Afghanistan","iso2":"AF","iso3":"AFG","population":42,"utcOffset":4.5,"status":"restricted","venues":[],"note":"Crypto trading is prohibited for residents; any access is informal."},{"name":"Kazakhstan","iso2":"KZ","iso3":"KAZ","population":20,"utcOffset":5,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","Bybit","OKX"],"note":"Licensed venues operate from the financial centre; privacy coins are not on their lists."},{"name":"Uzbekistan","iso2":"UZ","iso3":"UZB","population":36,"utcOffset":5,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX"],"note":"Licensed venues exist but do not list privacy coins; offshore venues remain reachable."},{"name":"Kyrgyzstan","iso2":"KG","iso3":"KGZ","population":7,"utcOffset":6,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"Tajikistan","iso2":"TJ","iso3":"TJK","population":10,"utcOffset":5,"status":"unassessed","venues":[],"note":"Not yet reviewed."},{"name":"Turkmenistan","iso2":"TM","iso3":"TKM","population":6.5,"utcOffset":5,"status":"restricted","venues":[],"note":"Crypto trading is prohibited for residents; any access is informal."},{"name":"Mongolia","iso2":"MN","iso3":"MNG","population":3.5,"utcOffset":8,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"No domestic licensed venue lists ZEC; residents reach it through offshore exchanges or peer-to-peer markets."},{"name":"China","iso2":"CN","iso3":"CHN","population":1410,"utcOffset":8,"status":"restricted","venues":[],"note":"Crypto trading and exchange services are prohibited; access is informal."},{"name":"Japan","iso2":"JP","iso3":"JPN","population":124,"utcOffset":9,"status":"restricted","venues":["Coinbase","Kraken","Binance"],"note":"Licensed venues do not list privacy coins; the domestic arms of global venues follow the same rule."},{"name":"South Korea","iso2":"KR","iso3":"KOR","population":52,"utcOffset":9,"status":"restricted","venues":["Upbit"],"note":"Regulated venues removed privacy coins at the regulator's request; ZEC is not listed domestically."},{"name":"North Korea","iso2":"KP","iso3":"PRK","population":26,"utcOffset":9,"status":"restricted","venues":[],"note":"Crypto trading is prohibited for residents; any access is informal."},{"name":"Taiwan","iso2":"TW","iso3":"TWN","population":23,"utcOffset":8,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"Licensed venues exist but do not list privacy coins; offshore venues remain reachable."},{"name":"Hong Kong","iso2":"HK","iso3":"HKG","population":7.5,"utcOffset":8,"status":"partial","venues":["OKX","Bybit","HTX"],"note":"Licensed venues may only list larger, liquid tokens; ZEC is not on their lists, offshore venues remain reachable."},{"name":"Thailand","iso2":"TH","iso3":"THA","population":72,"utcOffset":7,"status":"restricted","venues":["Upbit"],"note":"Regulated venues removed privacy coins at the regulator's request; ZEC is not listed domestically."},{"name":"Vietnam","iso2":"VN","iso3":"VNM","population":100,"utcOffset":7,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate","HTX","Bitfinex"],"note":"Heavy usage with no licensing regime yet; offshore venues carry the volume."},{"name":"Philippines","iso2":"PH","iso3":"PHL","population":117,"utcOffset":8,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"Registered local venues do not list ZEC; offshore venues do."},{"name":"Indonesia","iso2":"ID","iso3":"IDN","population":280,"utcOffset":7,"status":"partial","venues":["Upbit","Binance","Luno"],"note":"Only tokens on the regulator's approved list trade domestically; ZEC is reachable offshore."},{"name":"Malaysia","iso2":"MY","iso3":"MYS","population":34,"utcOffset":8,"status":"partial","venues":["Luno","Binance","OKX"],"note":"Licensed venues exist but do not list privacy coins; offshore venues remain reachable."},{"name":"Singapore","iso2":"SG","iso3":"SGP","population":6,"utcOffset":8,"status":"partial","venues":["Coinbase","Gemini","Independent Reserve","OKX"],"note":"Licensed venues generally avoid privacy coins; ZEC is available through offshore routes."},{"name":"Cambodia","iso2":"KH","iso3":"KHM","population":17,"utcOffset":7,"status":"partial","venues":["Binance","OKX","Bybit","KuCoin","Gate"],"note":"Banks are cautious about crypto transfers, so fiat on-ramps are thin; offshore and peer-to-peer routes carry most access."},{"name":"Laos","iso2":"LA","iso3":"LAO","population":7.6,"utcOffset":7,"status":"unassessed","venues":[],"note":"Not yet reviewed."},{"name":"Myanmar","iso2":"MM","iso3":"MMR","population":55,"utcOffset":6.5,"status":"restricted","venues":[],"note":"Crypto trading is prohibited for residents; any access is informal."},{"name":"Brunei","iso2":"BN","iso3":"BRN","population":0.5,"utcOffset":8,"status":"unassessed","venues":[],"note":"Not yet reviewed."},{"name":"East Timor","iso2":"TL","iso3":"TLS","population":1.4,"utcOffset":9,"status":"unassessed","venues":[],"note":"Not yet reviewed."},{"name":"Australia","iso2":"AU","iso3":"AUS","population":27,"utcOffset":10,"status":"open","venues":["CoinSpot","Independent Reserve","Coinbase","Kraken","Binance"],"note":"Registered venues list ZEC with AUD on-ramps."},{"name":"New Zealand","iso2":"NZ","iso3":"NZL","population":5.2,"utcOffset":12,"status":"open","venues":["Independent Reserve","Kraken","Coinbase","Binance"],"note":"At least one venue serving residents lists ZEC with fiat on- and off-ramps."},{"name":"Papua New Guinea","iso2":"PG","iso3":"PNG","population":10,"utcOffset":10,"status":"unassessed","venues":[],"note":"Not yet reviewed."},{"name":"Fiji","iso2":"FJ","iso3":"FJI","population":0.9,"utcOffset":12,"status":"unassessed","venues":[],"note":"Not yet reviewed."}]}